Consequences of the fall of Constantinople

1. The influx of Greek scholars into the West propelled further the Renaissance.
2. European military advances were fuelled by constant Ottoman threat.
3. As the main overland trade link between Europe and Asia was severed, more Europeans began to seriously consider the possibility of reaching Asia by sea.

Christianity - language and culture schism

"Many other factors caused the East and West to drift further apart. The dominant language of the West was Latin, whilst that of the East was Greek. Soon after the fall of the Western Empire, the number of individuals who spoke both Latin and Greek began to dwindle, and communication between East and West grew much more difficult. With linguistic unity gone, cultural unity began to crumble as well. The two halves of the Church were naturally divided along similar lines; they developed different rites and had different approaches to religious doctrines. Although the Great Schism was still centuries away, its outlines were already perceptible."

More here.

Decline of an empire

As one Ummayad chieftain responded to a question about the reasons of the decline of their empire: 

"Rather visiting what needed to be visited, we were more interested in the pleasure and enjoyment of life; we oppressed our people until they gave up and sought relief from us, [...] we trusted our ministers who favoured their own interests and kept secrets from us, and we unhurriedly rewarded our soldiers that we lost their obedience to our enemies."

On language, Max Weinreich

"A language is a dialect with an army and navy."

On nations

".. a decision to form – or re-form – a nation depends on a common view that it will be a better place to be for its people, because it will in its institutions and in its customs, in its actions and in the place it makes for itself in the world, more resemble them and how they would like to be seen."

More here.

Insanity

"That's what insanity is, when you do the same thing over and over again even though it really doesn't work."

Mindwalk (1999)

"See, we tend to think of subatomic  particles as some kind of small billiards balls or small grains of sand. But for physicists a particle has no independent existence. A particle is essentially a set of relations that reach outward to connect with other things.

What are those other  things, please?

They're interconnections of  yet other things which also turn out to be interconnections, and so on, and so on. In atomic physics we never  end up with any things at all. The essential nature of matter lies not in objects, but in interconnections."

"No one induced upon us the wisdom of the American indian tribes who made all their important decisions with the  seventh generation in mind. We were never taught to think about the future that way."